Essay Writing Law Exams: Is Cal Needed?

<h1>Essay Writing Law Exams: Is 'Cal' Needed?</h1><p>Many understudies find that they are packing for the Cal paper composing law tests. Actually numerous schools require their understudies to be acquainted with legitimate phrasing and the subtleties of lawful frameworks. At the point when this is valid, there is actually no should be so worried about syntax and sentence structure. Nonetheless, the individuals who are searching for the most limited response to a troublesome inquiry will need to do whatever it takes not to invest an excess of energy attempting to make sense of the correct type of the words that show up in their paper.</p><p></p><p>One thing that numerous understudies do is use 'cal' words in their articles. They may do this to spare time, however it can make their errand considerably more troublesome than it should be. Word 'cal' has become an acknowledged word for portraying Calculus without really utilizing the word.</p&g t;<p></p><p>Some inspectors lean toward the term 'Math', and the teacher might be required to utilize that term so as to get their last grade. To sum up, here are a few things that understudies should think about this befuddling issue:</p><p></p><p>Students who figure out how to maintain a strategic distance from the utilization of the 'cal' word while composing their Calculus papers will expand their evaluation and their trust in their capacity to compose viably. Be that as it may, in the event that you are amidst taking a shot at your paper, and you out of nowhere understand that you have overlooked the 'cal' word, you will be in a troublesome circumstance. You should think quick, and perhaps go after a pen.</p><p></p><p>It is conceivable to 'ignore' the 'cal' some portion of 'Analytics' while composing your paper. Truth be told, a few educators really require their understudies to cause this sort of rectification s o as to get their papers acknowledged. Your educator may even give you an instant Form 15, which incorporates the term 'Analytics' in a nonexclusive way, with the goal that you don't need to stress over perusing a protracted thesis that says a similar thing as the name of your work.</p><p></p><p>But, your teacher will likewise likely disclose to you that 'Math' won't be remembered for your schoolwork. Along these lines, on the off chance that you are not totally acquainted with the subject, it is conceivable that you are accomplishing something wrong.</p><p></p><p>The primary concern is that 'Math' won't be canvassed in your Calculus reading material. It is exceptionally improbable that you will discover any references to this term. You will find that your educator didn't have the foggiest idea what the word implied when the individual in question appointed your paper, and your paper won't be reviewed correctly.</p><p></ p><p>Therefore, in the event that you will be taking exposition composing law tests, it is critical to be comfortable with the topic. On the off chance that you are taking a subject that has an extensive rundown of terms and their implications, you will find that it will be hard to compose an elegantly composed paper that will intrigue your teacher. You should try sincerely and spare some time, or, in all likelihood you will find that your evaluations will suffer.</p>

What Is Emory Pre-College Program Should You Apply

What Is Emory Pre-College Program Should You Apply SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In this guide, I'll be examining the Emory Pre-College Program, a late spring program for secondary school understudies situated at Emory University. The program permits understudies to take school level classes (either for credit or non-credit) while living nearby at Emory or driving. There are a few subprograms under the Emory Pre-College Program (EPCP) umbrella, and keeping in mind that you can find out about it on the programwebsite, someinformation can be hard to find. Therefore, I’ve accumulated all the essential program data (insights regarding the program, application data, cost, and then some) and put it into this simple to-understand manage. I’ve made a Table of Contents so you can findeachsection if you’re just keen on a particular subject; be that as it may, I suggest perusing the whole guide. If it's not too much trouble note thatthis data is state-of-the-art for the Summer 2016 program, however program subtleties may change for following years. What Is the Emory Pre-College Program? What Do You Do in the Program? For what reason Should You Attend? The most effective method to Apply and Application Requirements The amount Does It Cost? Tips on How to Get In Highlighted Image: Christopher Octa/Flickr What Is the Emory Pre-College Program? What Do You Do in the Program? The Emory Pre-College Program is a program for secondary school youngsters and seniors that offers a review of school life. Every year around 300 members take classes and live on Emory’s grounds in the quarters (you can likewise decide to drive) all through the mid year. There are threecourse choices for program members. You can decide to assume fourteen day non-acknowledgment courses, six-week credit courses (just offered to workers), or a three-week establishment. What Are the Similarities and Differences Between These Program Options? For understudies in all threeprograms, you are just permitted to take one class for each two, three, or six-week term. In any case, in the event that you have the opportunity and cash, you can select anadditionalterm and take an additionalcourse/establishment around then. For the fourteen day non-credit courses and three-week organizations, understudies have the choice to drive or live on campus.Studentshave class 9-11:30am Monday-Friday. After class, understudies have lunchthenhave spare time or discretionary exercises, (for example, volunteer chances or Atlanta territory trips) from 1-4pm. In the late evening (4-5:30), understudies partake in school prep courses (known as College 101) that show understudies points, for example, the school application process, money related guide, and picking a school major. After College 101, there is supper, trailed by spare time or discretionary exercises, for example, film screenings or gathering excursions to a Braves game. Time limitation is at 11 pm on weekdays and 12 PM on ends of the week. On Saturdays, understudies in the fourteen day non-credit course program take part in afull day of pre-arranged exercises in the Atlanta region. On Sundays, understudies have extra time with discretionary exercises accessible. For the six-week credit courses, all understudies must drive, however they're welcome to take an interest in all the discretionary social exercises referenced above (Atlanta excursions, screenings, etc.).Students' calendars shift by the class they decide to take.Students will be enrolledalongside Emory students andare subject to indistinguishable scholarly prerequisites from Emory students. Thesix-week credit course will tally towards your futurecollege scholarly record, which incorporates yourcollege GPAand school transcript.Your Emory transcript will needto be submitted when you apply to school. Who’s Eligible for the Program? The fundamental application prerequisites for all candidates are: Be ascending secondary school youngsters orseniors who will be in any event 15 years of age by the program direction date.(If you’ve effectively moved on from secondary school, you’re ineligible.) In the event that you’re applying to partake in a lab science course, you should be in any event 16 years of age by the program direction date. Have at least a 3.0 GPA. In the event that you’re a global understudy, you’re just qualified for the non-credit courses or establishments, and you additionally should meet the accompanying capabilities: On the off chance that English isn’t your first language, you should present a TOEFL score and score near 100 on the web based test. Other perceived English language capability test scores, for example, the Cambridge tests, may likewise be submitted. Have a legitimate identification. Have medical coverage. What Are the Program Dates for Summer 2016? The projects dates for Summer 2016 shift by subprogram (fourteen day non-credit courses, six-week credit courses (just offered to workers), or a three-week establishment). A few subprograms, for example, the fourteen day non-credit courses and six-week credit courses are offered on different occasions during Summer 2016. Be that as it may, the various meetings have distinctive course contributions, so investigate the courses offered during every meeting before picking your meeting date. (NOTE: the course contributions for 2016 haven't been posted at this point.) Meeting A (fourteen day non-credit course): June 20 - July 1, 2016 Meeting B (fourteen day non-credit course): July 5 - July 15, 2016 Meeting C (fourteen day non-credit course): July 18 - July 29, 2016 Three-week non-credit foundations: July 5 - July 22, 2016 Meeting 1 (six-week credit course): May 16 - June 24, 2016 Meeting 2 (six-week credit course): June 27 - August 5, 2016 For what reason Should You Attend the Emory Pre-College Program? I’ve separated the upsides and downsides of Emory's pre-school programbelow. Geniuses of the EPCP Test out Emory to check whether it’s the correct school for you. Take school courses: make sense of what you may be keen on studying (you’d be amazed, you could discover you abhor Art and need to consider Biology or the other way around). Additionally, on the off chance that you go to the 6-week program, you can get school credit. On the off chance that private, explore different avenues regarding living endlessly from your folks just because and increase some autonomy. Get help with the school application process from Emory specialists. Have an esteemed program on your resume for your school applications. In the event that you have a positive involvement in your Emory educator, you can get a letter of proposal for your school application. These stars are helpful regardless of where you wind up setting off for college, so the Pre-College program can be advantageous regardless of whether you aren't keen on or certain you need to go to Emory. Cons of the EPCP Expensive,although there is some budgetary guide accessible (I talk about the expense and money related guide underneath). While many program members do proceed to go to Emory, there is no assurance of confirmations and no assurance that taking an interest will better your odds of affirmation. I’d strongly suggest doing the Emory Pre-College Program on the off chance that you can bear the cost of it and it works withyour summer plan. I took an interest in a comparable program at UCLA, and the program permitted me to make sense of whether I was keen on going to UCLA (which I discovered I wasn’t) and what sort of coursework I needed to seek after. The most effective method to Apply and Application Requirements You apply legitimately to your program of decision, either the fourteen day non-credit courses, six-week credit courses, or three-week institute.If you’re intrigued by more than one program, you can apply to various prorgams yet should present a different application for each. Applications are acknowledged on a moving premise starting in January, butstudents wanting to receivefinancial help (which I’ll examine more inside and out beneath) ought to apply before the favored budgetary guide cutoff time: April 1.While the last application cutoff time for Summer 2016 has not yet been chosen, the Pre-College program proposes you apply right on time as housingis restricted for the program. This proposal appears to indicatethe prior you apply, the more probable you'll be acknowledged. Program directors will survey your application and inform you by means of email of acknowledgment into the program.I addressed somebody at Emory'sPre-College office who said they hope to acknowledge understudies into the Pre-College programwho would be able to go to Emory University.Not everybody who applies will be acknowledged. I'll give tips on the best way to get acceptedbelow. The application prerequisites for all candidates (US International for all projects) are: $70 non-refundable application expense (paid with Visa when you apply on the web). Completedonline application poll (requests segment, parent/watchman, and instructive data). Accommodation ofan official secondary school transcript (which must incorporate your evaluations from ninth grade through the fall of your present school year). On the off chance that you’ve went to more than one secondary school, you should submit transcripts from the two schools. A SAT or ACT score report sent to Emory, if accessible. On the off chance that you haven’t yet taken the ACT or SAT, you can present your PSAT score or PLAN report. One suggestion from an educator or guide (through the online entryway). You’ll need to present the instructor/guide's name, email, and telephone number for them to finish the suggestion. Extra worldwide candidate prerequisites: Accommodation ofan official optional school transcript with confirmed English interpretations. In your suggestion, your educator or guide must express your English language capability level. Accommodation ofa composing test. TOEFL score report from ETS (Educational Testing Service). A Skype meeting may likewise be required. The amount Doesthe Emory Pre-College Program Cost? The specific expense of EPCP changes by program and whether you’ve chose to live nearby or commute.NOTE: Commuter costs spread the expense all things considered and off-grounds occasions. Private expenses also spread room, board, and three every day dinners. I’ve gave the breakdowns be

Hybridity Concepts In Postcolonial Studies

Hybridity Concepts In Postcolonial Studies The progression of data and the development of individuals in this ever advancing, interconnected and intuitive world have been a significant explanation in the production of new societies through blending of neighborhood and remote thoughts and qualities. This sort of blending is a little piece of the free and elusive significance of hybridity. The term hybridity is utilized in numerous regions, for example, cross breed economy (the blend of private ventures and government dynamic interest in worldwide economy) (Koizumi,2010); half breed vehicles, crossover language (creole and patois), and above all comparable to this investigation is in the field of mixture societies (Tomlinson,1999; Coombs Brah,2000). Easthope (1998) fights that hybridity can have three implications; regarding science, ethnicity and culture. In natural science, half breed could mean the arrangement of hereditary segment in person, creatures or plants. In the second and third definitions, hybridity can be comprehended to mean a person who has at least two ethnic and social personalities. Anyway de Toro accentuates that the importance of hybridity in present day social hypothesis has nothing to do with the natural and zoological birthplace of the term (de Toro, 2004). Hutnyk (2005) then again uncovers that the term hybridity and syncretism appear to serve the inward social parts of expansionism and the worldwide market. A few key masterminds in the domain of hybridity incorporates among others Homi Bhabha, Robert Young, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Stuart Hall and Paul Gilroy, who draw upon related ideas from Deleuze, Derrida, Marx, Fanon and Bakhtin to name a few.(Ref) specifically, Bhabha has built up his idea of hybridity from scholarly and social hypothesis to depict the development of culture and personality inside states of pioneer hostility and value (Meredith, 1998; Bhabha, 1994; Bhabha, 1996). In socio-social milieu, hybridity is utilized as an explicative term and hybridity turned into a helpful apparatus in shaping a talk of racial blending which was viewed as a variation toward the finish of eighteenth century. The sort of cross breed during this time was generally alluding to entomb marriage of highly contrasting and the posterity were recognized as the half and half item. It has likewise been alluded to as a maltreatment term in pioneer talk for the individuals who are results of miscegenation or blended varieties. Papastergiadis in Werbner Modood (2000) then again states that the positive element of hybridity is that it perpetually recognizes that personality is developed through an exchange of contrast and that the nearness of gaps, holes and inconsistencies isn't really an indication of disappointment. (ibid:258). Subsequently hybridity can be seen in both negative and positive structures. Ashcroft, Griffiths and Tiffin (2006) attest that hybridity happens in post-pilgrim social orders because of monetary and political extension and control and when the colonizer weakened indigenous people groups (the colonized) social practices and acclimatize them to another social shape. They likewise further clarify that hybridity reaches out until after the time of dominion when examples of settlements from provincial to urban district and from other supreme regions of impact, for example, Chinese and Indian workers coming in into the Malay Peninsula during the work escalated period. In any case, with the end dominion, with the ascending of migration and financial advancement, the term hybridity has significantly been utilized in a wide range of measurements and is one of the most contested terms in postcolonial contemplates. It can take numerous structures including social, political and etymology. Note that hybridity can be deciphered in a wide range of records from a slight half and half to the outrageous of culture conflict. In the postcolonial examines the term cross breed usually alludes to the formation of new trans-social structures inside the contact zone created by colonization (Ashcroft et al.,2003). One other element of this term is the cross breed talk which is related with the rise of postcolonial talk and its scrutinize of social imperialism.(elaborate) Easthope (1998) then again declares that in his conversations of hybridity, it has no fix definition aside from corresponding to non-hybridity: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦that the restriction among distinction and outright nearness should be relativised by presenting more than one idea of character, that a rational, talking subject can't live in the holes between personalities. (p.347). Pieterse (2001:221) keeps up that New cross breed structures are huge markers of significant changes that are occurring as a result of portability, relocation and multiculturalism. Furthermore, social diasporization (Hall, 1990) means another type of way of life because of interculturality and diasporic relations (Anthias,2010). Notwithstanding, Anthias (ibid:620) hypothesizes that: On the off chance that half breed social personalities are currently the trademark characters of the cutting edge world, at that point battles over social authority and the basic instruments that help it, become progressively vacant signifiers; only to consume the space of the mixture establishes a liberator human condition. Moreover, de Toro (1991,1996a) fights that hybridity is constantly innate to culture, personality and countries yet it is the object of reflections and meanings of various settings and furthermore applied in altogether different fields. Correspondingly, de Toro proposes that one needs to comprehend the idea of hybridity in a more extensive metacontext and needs to consider hybridity to be blending frameworks at the base of the mix of various models and procedures. The conversation of hybridity in this investigation centers around the contemporary discussion about culture, ethnicity and character which supports de Toros model of hybridity as a social classification. The fundamental contention of this examination is the dangerous idea of dealing with the distinctions of social, ethnical and strict gatherings in Malaysias plural society in the journey for the development of shared Malaysian character. The conversation of hybridity in the Malaysian setting in this examination thusly isn't tied in with finding a halfway to the arrangement of contrasts in societies and character yet to recognize a space where social, strict and ethnic distinction can be commended. In as much the contentions in the succeeding segments manage ethnicity, culture and religion, this investigation doesn't endeavor to elucidate a top to bottom conversation of the social hypothesis idea. Be that as it may, social hypothesis will be evaluated at a surface level. In the etymology setting, Bakhtin (1981) advances the idea of phonetic hybridity. He, as indicated by Young (1995) depicts the manner by which language, even inside a solitary sentence, can be multiplied voiced. Bakhtin avows that etymological hybridity blends two social dialects inside the restrictions of a solitary articulation yet separated by different components of those social expressions. Shortsightedly, it portrays the capacity to be at the same time the equivalent yet unique (ibid:20). Youthful further proposes that for Bakhtin, hybridity portrays the procedure of the authorial exposing of anothers discourse, through a language that is twofold highlighted and twofold styled. Bakhtin (1981) isolates his etymological hybridity into two; deliberate hybridity and oblivious or natural hybridity. The previous happens when a voice can ironise and expose the other inside a similar articulation. The natural hybridity , then again happens when two dialects melded: . the dialects change generally essentially by hybridization, by methods for a blending of different dialects coinciding inside the limits of a solitary lingo, a solitary national language, a solitary branch, a solitary gathering of various branches, in the authentic just as paleontological past of dialects. (Ibid:358). The language hybridity wonder is one of principle conversations in this present examination as the multicultural society develops in Malaya then Malaysia separately, dialects advance pair. The conversation includes the development of Malaysian English or Manglish in social associations of the people inside ones own ethnic network or with different networks on the loose. This is contended in the conversations and discoveries section of this present examination. The area that follows talks about in more prominent detail of hybridity in the light of Bhabhas (1998) take a shot at social decent variety and social distinction. Understanding Bhabhas idea of hybridity corresponding to social assorted variety Bhabhas origination of hybridity is created from artistic and social hypothesis by which he recognizes that the overseeing bodies (colonizer) decipher the character of the colonized (the other) couple with the essentialist convictions. This activity of interpretation anyway doesn't deliver something that is known to the colonizer or the colonized yet basically new (Papastergiadis, 1997). Bhabha accepts that it is this new obscured limits or spaces in the middle of subject-position that are recognized as the area of the interruption and removal of prevalent impact of pilgrim stories and social structures and practice. Bhabha (1994) claims that the distinction in social practices inside various gatherings, anyway objective an individual is, is in reality troublesome and even incomprehensible and counterproductive, to attempt to fit together various types of culture and to imagine that they can without much of a stretch exist together. As he certifies: The supposition that at some level all types of social decent variety might be comprehended based on a specific general idea, regardless of whether it be individual, class, or race, can be both perilous and exceptionally constraining in attempting to comprehend the manners by which social practices develop their own frameworks of importance and social association (ibid:209) There is truth in a specific way to the announcement above as far as the all inclusiveness of social assorted variety applied in numerous pluralistic nations including Malaysia. In any case, to a l

Parable of the Sower Essay Topics

<h1>Parable of the Sower Essay Topics</h1><p>There are various illustration of the sower exposition subjects to look over. The key is to make a subject that will be appropriate for your particular needs. The most ideal approach to do this is to do some exploration and evaluate various points until you discover one that you truly like.</p><p></p><p>One regular illustration that can be utilized in an article subject is the story of the sower. The illustration is about a rancher who was poor to the point that he offered the entirety of his yields to purchase nourishment. At the point when he got back home, the main thing he did was to go down to the nursery and plant wheat. He never felt that the wheat plant would develop and create substantially more than what he had planted.</p><p></p><p>The story of the sower is told in two different ways. The main way is the presentation of the story, and the subsequent way is the poi nt at which the subsequent illustration is told. The presentation of the story will be founded on the initial sentence and what comes after the opening sentence.</p><p></p><p>To utilize these two anecdotes effectively in an article, the writer ought to compose two expositions, one about the preamble and one about the subsequent illustration. It will be hard to get the various components of the two anecdotes down accurately, yet once they are you will have a two exposition of incredible length.</p><p></p><p>The most troublesome story to use for this reason for existing is the illustration of the sower. The principle explanation behind this is on the grounds that the opening to the story portrays the characteristic procedure of endurance. The fundamental character is a rancher who was not content with what he had but rather in any case kept on attempting and plant more crops.</p><p></p><p>The principle issue that the creator will have is that the idea of the plot doesn't allow him to clarify the subtleties of the illustration. This makes it somewhat harder to compose in light of the fact that the creator needs to depict the pieces of the plot that are portrayed and to clarify how the illustration fits into the fundamental plot. So the essayist needs to ensure that he just clarifies those pieces of the plot that are relevant.</p><p></p><p>One basic and fundamental method that can be utilized to get the data required is to initially go to Wikipedia and look for the expression 'Anecdote of the Sower'. The site will give you a rundown of definitions that you can utilize. You would then be able to experience every definition and attempt to comprehend the fact of the matter being made. In view of this, you will have the option to see where the primary concerns of the section are, and you will likewise have the option to all the more likely portray the opening paragraph.< /p><p></p><p>By utilizing the illustration of the sower paper subjects appropriately, you will have the option to compose a connecting with article that has a solid core interest. Great expositions when all is said in done are tied in with taking a concise thought and utilizing it to clarify something somewhat more complex.</p>

Contrasting Psycodynamic, Cognitive Behavioral and...

Counseling is a process that enables a person to sort out issues and reach decisions affecting their life. Often counseling is sought out at times of change or crisis, it need not be so, however, as counseling can also help us at any time of our life† (Woods, 2005). Counseling theories are used by counselors as part of their treatment plan for clients. There are many types of theories that counselors can choose from. These theories are usually hosen based on the client needs and what the counselor feel will be most effective. Counselors are not limited to just one theory when it comes to treating their clients. Theories can be used in conjunction with one another to effectively treat clients. Counseling does not just involve theories†¦show more content†¦The final counseling theory that will be explored is person centered therapy. Person centered therapy (PCT) was developed by Carl Roger. It is a form of talk psychotherapy. PCT aims to offer clients a chance to become aware of self in efforts to afford them the chance to realize how their attitudes, feelings and behavior are being affected (Cepeda Davenport, 2006). â€Å"This client awareness exposes the gap between the real and ideal self and serves to motivate the individual toward narrowing the gap. Clients then use this relationship to generalize to the outside world ( (De Haas, 1980; Swildens, 1977) and to become more open to experiences (Rogers C. R., 1961). The therapist and the client perceive this change as the client becomes able to see reality without distorting it to ï ¬ t a preconceived, defensive structure† (Cepeda Davenport, 2006). It is assumed that patients belief systems evolves from what it was to a belief system based on process and change and they gain an interest and comfort in exploring other options. Clients worry less with how they are viewed publicly and more interested in themselves and being true to self. Clients change through

English as a Second Language in Thailand Education Free Essays

The importance of English as a world language, the advance of technology and education reform envisaged by the new Thai Constitution are key determinants for new developments for English language teaching and learning in Thailand in this decade. This paper will first focus on the role of English and the problems of English language teaching in Thailand. It will also touch on the part of education reform which is related to English language teaching. We will write a custom essay sample on English as a Second Language in Thailand Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now Then, it will state what has been planned or already done to improve the English language teaching and learning situation in Thailand, now and in the future. The role of English in Thailand is quite important as it is in many other developing countries. New technology and the adoption of the internet have resulted in a major transition in terms of business, education, science, and technological progress, all of which demand high proficiency in English. With the economic downturn in Thailand a few years ago, a large number of Thai companies have embraced cooperation regionally and internationally. Mergers, associations, and takeovers are common and English is used as the means to communicate, negotiate and execute transactions by participants where one partner can be a native speaker of English or none of the partners are native speakers of English. However, Thailand has always been a country with one official language, Thai. We are proud that we have never been colonized. Another reason for having been a country with one language is the concept of national stability. There have been proposals to make Thailand a country with two languages, Thai and English, but this has never materialized due to the abovementioned reasons. English can, therefore, be at most the first foreign language that students must study in schools. Hence, Thais’ level of English proficiency is low in comparison with many countries in Asia (e. g. Malaysia, Philippines, and Singapore). According to the speech given by the Minister of the Ministry of University Affairs on March 6, 2000, the average TOEFL scores of Thais are the same as for Mongolians but higher than for North Koreans and Japanese. Researchers on the topics of needs and wants of English in workplaces have also suggested that the English curriculum in Thai universities cannot meet the demands for English used in the workplace. The skills used most at this level are listening and speaking which are not the focus skills in the Thai tertiary education English curriculum. It can be said that up to now English language teaching in Thailand has not prepared Thais for the changing world. Thailand will lag behind in the competitive world of business, education, science and technology if the teaching and learning of English is not improved. Here are some comments concerning the importance of English and the problems of English language teaching in Thailand. Dr. Rom Hiranyapruek, director of Thai Software Park, stated that English is as important to the domain of information technology as other infrastructures. Thais have high proficiency in technology but because of our below average English competence, we cannot make much progress in terms of science and technology. Mrs. Arunsi Sastramitri, director of the Academic Training Section of the Tourist Authority of Thailand, stated that tourism is the main source of inc ome in our country. However, Thai graduates who are in the tourism industry have a poor command of English. This has contributed to misunderstanding and a negative attitude towards Thailand. 2 What has caused the difficulties in English language teaching and learning in Thailand especially in the primary and secondary schools? According to Biyaem, 1997, the teachers and learners face the following difficulties: For teachers, there are many obstacles such as : – heavy teaching loads. – too many students in a class (45 – 60) – insufficient English language skills and native speaker cultural knowledge. – inadequately equipped classrooms and educational technology. university entrance examinations which demand a tutorial teaching and learning style. As for the learners, they wish they could speak English fluently but most of them think that English is too challenging for them to be competent because of these difficulties: – interference from the mother tongue (Thai) particularly in pronunciation, syntax, and idiomatic usage. – lack of opportunit y to use English in their daily lives. – unchallenging English lessons. – being passive learners. – being too shy to speak English with classmates. – lack of responsibility for their own learning. However, it is not only the level of English competence that inhibits Thailand from being able to keep pace with the rapid changes that are taking place everywhere around us, Thai education, as a whole, does not enable Thais to cope with this fast changing world. Thailand’s new constitution, adopted in 1997 has, therefore, established the National Education Act which creates the most radical education reform in Thai history. This education reform to be implemented between 1996 and 2007 involves four main areas: school, curriculum, teacher and administrative reform. Its main concern is that learners have the ability to learn and develop. Learners are the most important component and lifelong learning must be encouraged. A twelve-year basic education will be provided free to all Thai students. In 2005, there will be an Office of Quality Assurance, whose task is to oversee the quality control of education at every level and in every aspect. Schools are to be given more autonomy. There will be greater involvement by families and local communities in school policy and administration. An independent and learner–centered approach is a must, and analytical learning instead of rote learning will be incorporated. Teacher education will also be a focus. Teachers will have to undertake research and develop teaching abilities as well. With the importance of English as a world language and the changes that come with the National Education Act, plus the challenges of new technology, what follows will discuss the English language teaching and learning scenario in Thailand in this decade. 1. More international programs As of last year, there were 56 international schools around the country. There were three foreign colleges and universities in Thailand. In private Thai universities, there were 77 undergraduate, 30 graduate and five Ph. D curricula using English as the language of instruction. In governmental higher education institutions, there were 143 undergraduate, 205 graduate and 77 doctoral international programs in English which have been established either independently by Thai institutes or have links with overseas institutes. It is expected that most new programs to be opened in universities in the future will be international programs. How to cite English as a Second Language in Thailand Education, Essays